Nobel Prize season is upon us once again. Every year in the month of October, committees in Norway and Sweden name personalities from different fields of work including Sciences, Literature, Economics, as well as Peace and award them for their contribution. Last year, some events were cancelled amidst pandemic but a digital ceremony took place for the winners.
Here is the list of people who have won the Nobel Prize for Physics and Physiology this year.
The Nobel Prize Winners for Physics 2021
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi who have laid the foundation for how mankind influences the Earth’s climate and revolutionized the theory of disordered materials as well.
Syukuro Manabe (born on September 21, 1931, in Ehime) is a Japanese-American climatologist and meteorologist who introduced the use of computers to simulate natural climatic variation and global climate change. He has been awarded for his contributions to understanding complex physical systems.
Klaus Hasselmann (born on 25 October 1931 in Hamburg) is a leading German climate modeller and oceanographer who has been jointly awarded one half of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, reliably predicting global warming and quantifying variability.
Giorgio Parisi (born on 4 August 1948 in Rome) is an Italian theoretical physicist, whose research is mainly based on quantum theory, complex systems and statistical mechanics. He has been awarded one half of the Nobel Prize in Physics for his innovation of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from planetary to atomic scales.
The Nobel Prize Winners for Medicine/Physiology 2021
The Nobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology is awarded for innovations that have changed the scientific paradigm which is of great significance for mankind. The Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology has been awarded to David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian for their discovery of mechanisms of human senses to heat, cold and touch.
David Julius is an American physiologist who is known for his work on molecular mechanisms of touch-sensitive cells that respond to changes in temperature. At present, Julius is a Professor at University of
California, San Francisco, earlier he was associated with Columbia University, New York. He used capsaicin, a molecule used in chili peppers to make it spicy and a false sensation of heat is observed. This experiment was done to understand the temperature that the skin senses.
Ardem Patapoutian is an Armenian-American neuroscientist and biologist at Scripps Research, California. Patapoutian was born in 1967 in Lebanon and later moved to Los Angeles. He discovered the underlying gene that translates a mechanical force into an electric nerve signal on the skin.
Author:
Ankita Majumdar
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